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A loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension that occurs in group situations that foster responsiveness to group norms,good or bad,is called


A) groupthink.
B) social loafing.
C) group polarization.
D) deindividuation.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Robert Watson (1973) scrutinized anthropological files and found that the cultures with depersonalized warriors were also the cultures that


A) were victorious.
B) were unlikely to survive for long.
C) attacked their enemies at night.
D) brutalized their victims.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In a research study on deindividuation conducted by Diener and his colleagues (1976) ,Seattle children were observed trick-or-treating.The results indicated that children who were _____ committed more transgressions than other children.


A) abused at home
B) anonymous and in a group
C) from low-income families
D) solo and had no siblings

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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The relationship between group size and the probability of deindividuation occurring is


A) positive.
B) negative.
C) neutral.
D) curvilinear.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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When people experience a loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension,they are in a state of


A) social facilitation.
B) social loafing.
C) deindividuation.
D) groupthink.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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An effect of deindividuation is


A) diminished self-restraint.
B) increased self-awareness.
C) social facilitation.
D) a risky shift.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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A

The relationship between self-consciousness and deindividuation is


A) positive.
B) negative.
C) neutral.
D) curvilinear.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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People who are made self-aware,by acting in front of a mirror or TV camera,


A) exhibit increased self-confidence.
B) show inconsistency between their words outside a situation and their deeds in it.
C) are thoughtful in analyzing complex social issues.
D) are vulnerable to persuasive appeals that run counter to social norms.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Zimbardo reported that women who were masked and hooded in Ku Klux Klan (KKK) -style hoods and robes tended to _____ than women who were visible and wore name tags.


A) administer longer shocks to a victim
B) engage in greater social loafing
C) make riskier decisions
D) make more contact and reveal more personal information

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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According to the text,physical anonymity _____ results in antisocial behavior.


A) always
B) sometimes
C) never
D) almost never

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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From an analysis of 60 deindividuation studies,Tom Postmes and Russell Spears (1998) concluded that being anonymous makes a person


A) less self-conscious.
B) less responsive to situational cues.
C) less group-conscious.
D) less prone to errors.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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A

In the context of self- awareness,research by Ed Diener (1980) and Steven Prentice-Dunn and Ronald Rogers (1980,1989) revealed that unself-conscious,deindividuated people are _____ than normal,conscious individuals.


A) more responsive to a situation
B) less likely to act without thinking about their own values
C) highly self-regulated
D) constrained and less expressive

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Whenever your friend Ted surfs online,he writes terribly harsh letters to strangers using a bogus email address.Ted's behavior can likely be attributed to the role of _____ in deindividuation.


A) group size
B) physical anonymity
C) arousing activities
D) culture

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Research by Johnson and Downing (1979) found that


A) people wearing nurses' uniforms became more aggressive in administering shock than those who were not anonymous.
B) people wearing nurses' uniforms delivered as much shock as those who were anonymous.
C) people wearing nurses' uniforms delivered as much shock as those wearing Ku Klux Klan- style outfits.
D) people wearing nurses' uniforms became less aggressive in administering shock than those who were not anonymous.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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A lynch mob that enables its members to believe they will not be prosecuted is an example of


A) social loafing.
B) groupthink.
C) deindividuation.
D) a risky shift.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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People are more likely to abandon normal restraints and become deindividuated when they


A) perceive a particular action as part of their group's.
B) believe themselves to be physically anonymous.
C) are involved in arousing,distracting activities.
D) All of the answers are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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D

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